Diabetic Foot Care North Richland Hills, TX

Diabetic Foot Care in North Richland Hills

What is diabetic peripheral neuropathy? Diabetic neuropathy is nerve damage caused by diabetes. When it affects the arms, hands, legs, and feet, it is known as diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy differs from peripheral arterial disease (poor circulation), which affects the blood vessels rather than the nerves. Metroplex Foot and Ankle Center in North Richland Hills, TX, can be reached at 817-595-1310.

What is Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy?

THREE DIFFERENT GROUPS OF NERVES CAN BE AFFECTED BY DIABETIC NEUROPATHY:

Sensory nerves, which enable people to feel pain, temperature, and other sensations

Motor nerves, which control the muscles and give them their strength and tone

Autonomic nerves allow the body to perform involuntary functions, such as sweating.

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy doesn’t emerge overnight. Instead, it usually develops slowly and worsens over time. Some patients have this condition long before they are diagnosed with diabetes. Having diabetes for several years may increase the likelihood of having diabetic neuropathy.

The loss of sensation and other problems associated with nerve damage make a patient prone to developing skin ulcers (open sores) that can become infected and may not heal. This severe complication of diabetes can lead to the loss of a foot, an leg, or even a life.

CAUSES

The nerve damage that characterizes diabetic peripheral neuropathy is more common in patients with poorly managed diabetes. However, even diabetic patients who have excellent blood sugar (glucose) control can develop diabetic neuropathy. There are several theories as to why this occurs, including the possibility that high blood glucose or constricted blood vessels produce damage to the nerves.

As diabetic peripheral neuropathy progresses, various nerves are affected. These damaged nerves can cause problems that encourage the development of ulcers. For example:

Motor Neuropathy(Deformity)

Ill-fitting shoes

SensoryNeuropathy (numbness)

Ulcers (sores)

Deformities (such as bunions or hammertoes) resulting from motor neuropathy may cause shoes to rub against toes, creating a sore. The numbness caused by sensory neuropathy can make the patient unaware that this is happening.

Because of numbness, patients may not realize that they have stepped on a small object and cut the skin.

Cracked skin caused by autonomic neuropathy, combined with sensory neuropathy’s numbness and problems associated with motor neuropathy, can lead to developing a sore.

Symptoms

Depending on the type(s) of nerves involved, one or more symptoms may be present in diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

FOR SENSORY NEUROPATHY:

NUMBNESS OR TINGLING IN THE FEET

PAIN OR DISCOMFORT IN THE FEET OR LEGS, INCLUDING PRICKLY, SHARP PAIN OR BURNING FEET

FOR MOTOR NEUROPATHY:

MUSCLE WEAKNESS/LOSS OF MUSCLE TONE IN THE FEET AND LOWER LEGS
LOSS OF BALANCE
CHANGES IN FOOT SHAPE CAN LEAD TO AREAS OF INCREASED PRESSURE
FOR AUTONOMIC NEUROPATHY
DRY FEET
CRACKED SKIN
DIAGNOSIS

To diagnose diabetic peripheral neuropathy, the foot and ankle surgeon will obtain the patient’s history of symptoms and perform simple in-office tests on the feet and legs. This evaluation may include an assessment of the patient’s reflexes, ability to feel light touch, and ability to feel vibration. In some cases, additional neurologic tests may be ordered.

Treatment

First and foremost, the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy centers on the control of the patient’s blood sugar level. In addition, various options are used to treat the painful symptoms.

Medications are available to help relieve specific symptoms, such as tingling or burning. Sometimes a combination of different medications is used.

Sometimes, the patient may undergo physical therapy to help reduce balance problems or other symptoms.

PREVENTION

The patient plays a vital role in minimizing the risk of developing diabetic peripheral neuropathy and in preventing its possible consequences. Some necessary preventive measures include:

Keep blood sugar levels under control.
Wear well-fitting shoes to avoid getting sores.
Inspect your feet every day. See your foot and ankle surgeon immediately if you notice any cuts, redness, blisters, or swelling. This can prevent problems from becoming worse.
Visit your foot and ankle surgeon regularly for an examination to help prevent foot complications of diabetes.
Have periodic visits with your primary care physician or endocrinologist. The foot and ankle surgeon works together with these and other providers to prevent and treat complications from diabetes.